Species have strong indirect effects on others, and predicting these effects is a central challenge in ecology. Prey species sharing an enemy (predator or parasitoid) can be linked by apparent ...
The Journal of Arachnology, Vol. 27, No. 1, Proceedings of the XIV International Congress of Arachnology and a Symposium on Spiders in Agroecosystems (1999), pp. 343-350 (8 pages) Spider competition ...
Hurricanes, wildfires and influxes of pollutants create disturbances that can put ecological systems under extreme stress. Ecologists had believed that at times like these, competition between species ...