In the early 1950s, experiments by two teams of researchers, Salvador Luria working with Mary Human and Joe Bertani working with Jean Weigle, showed that some strains of bacteria were more resistant ...

Enzymes that cut DNA at specific sites are called endonucleases; these enzymes play many roles in genomic replication, fidelity, and defense. The initial discovery of restriction endonucleases in the ...

Scientists first observed the biological phenomenon of restriction and modification in the 1950s, but they did not identify and isolate restriction enzymes until the late 1960s. 3 In 1970, Hamilton ...

Most restriction endonucleases use Mg²⁺ to hydrolyze phosphodiester bonds at specific DNA sites. We show here that Bfil, a metal-independent restriction enzyme from the phospholipase D superfamily, ...

Bacteria and the viruses that infect them are engaged in a molecular arms race as ancient as life itself. Evolution has equipped bacteria with an arsenal of immune enzymes, including CRISPR-Cas ...

The video above has some helpful tips for designing PCR primers for one purpose - cloning with restriction enzymes. PCR or Polymerase Chain Reaction, is a very common tool used in molecular biology to ...

Plastid DNA was isolated from the chloroplasts of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum var Traveler 76) leaves and the chromoplasts of ripe tomato fruit. Comparisons of the two DNAs were made by ...

DNA methylation is a vital epigenetic mechanism by which gene expression is promoted or inhibited. It occurs at crucial steps in development, as well as in a number of disease states. DNA methylation ...

Key to Invitrogen's Gateway technology is the "entry clone," which contains a fragment of interest in a recombinase-ready plasmid. Researchers can quickly and efficiently move between expression ...